People in relative income poverty by tenure type
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- Summary information
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Title
Households Below Average IncomeLast update
March 2024Next update
2025Publishing organisation
Welsh GovernmentSource 1
Households Below Average Income, Family Resources Survey, Department for Work and PensionsContact email
stats.inclusion@gov.walesDesignation
National StatisticsLowest level of geographical disaggregation
WalesGeographical coverage
WalesLanguages covered
English and WelshData licensing
You may use and re-use this data free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government License - see http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licenceGeneral description
This table presents data on all people living in households that have a household income below 60 per cent of the UK median household income after housing costs are paid.Data collection and calculation
The data is based on Welsh Government analysis of datasets provided by the Department of Work and Pensions Households Below Average Income TeamFrequency of publication
AnnualData reference periods
Figures shown are multi-year moving averages, as indicated.Users, uses and context
See the link on the Weblinks tabRounding applied
See the link on the Weblinks tabRevisions information
For the FYE 2020 publication, a minor methodological revision was made to the HBAI data series by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to capture all income from child maintenance. This resulted in more income from child maintenance being included, in turn slightly increasing some household incomes and so tending to slightly reduce low income rates for families with children. The full back series (back to FYE 1995) was revised so that comparisons over time are on a consistent basis across the full time series. In terms of the impact of these revisions, in most cases the percentages of people in low income were unchanged rounded to the nearest percentage point.Statistical quality
Note 1. FYE 2021 estimates are unreliable as they are based on data collected during the first year of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, when lockdown rules severely disrupted the data collection.Note 2: Data collection during the financial year ending (FYE) 2022 was via telephone interviewing as opposed to the established face to face method used prior to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Although we have assessed the FYE 2022 data quality to be robust enough for publication, there remains some residual bias in the survey sample resulting from the change in survey mode. More information on data quality is available in the DWP technical report which accompanies the release of the FYE 2022 statistics.
Note 3: The survey asks respondents what they consider to be their ethnic origin. Individuals have been classified according to the ethnic group of the household reference person which means that information about households of multiple ethnicities is lost. Sampled numbers within smaller ethnic minority groups in Wales are small, and for this reason it is necessary to group some into an overarching "Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Group" category, and to present analysis as five-year averages. The White category includes White – Welsh/English/Scottish/Northern Ireland/British and any other White background including Gypsy and Irish Travellers.
Note 4: Disabled people are identified as those who report any physical or mental health condition(s) or illness(es) that last or are expected to last 12 months or more, and which limit their ability to carry out day-to-day activities a little, or a lot. This is in line with Equality Act definition. The means of identifying people with a disability has changed over time, and data before financial year ending 2013 are not comparable with current data.
Note 5: Some pensioners live as a couple with a partner of working age and therefore the age of the head of household will be under 65.
Note 6: The pensioner couple category will include some working age adults who live as a couple with a partner of pension age.
See the link on the Weblinks tab