Persons in employment by residence area and country of birth
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Metadata
- High level information
- Summary information
- Keywords
- Statistical quality information
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Title
Residents of Wales born outside the United KindgdomLast update
9 October 2024Next update
January 2025Publishing organisation
Welsh GovernmentSource 1
Annual Population Survey, Office for National StatisticsContact email
LabourMarket.Stats@gov.walesDesignation
National StatisticsLowest level of geographical disaggregation
Local authoritiesGeographical coverage
WalesLanguages covered
English and WelshData licensing
You may use and re-use this data free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government License - see http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licenceGeneral description
This dataset provides information on migrant workers in Wales from all over the World with a breakdown between data relating to countries in the European Union (EU), and elsewhere.Data collection and calculation
These are: Home Office data on the Worker Registration Scheme (WRS), mentioned above. Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) data on National Insurance Numbers (NINo). Labour Force Survey / Annual Population Survey data on country of birth.This dataset concentrates on information from the third of these sources.
The Labour Force Survey (LFS) is a UK household survey which asks a wide range of questions relating to economic activity and personal circumstances/characteristics. The annual version of the LFS is called the Annual Population Survey (APS) and is boosted in Wales to cover around 20,000 households. It is published on a rolling four-quarter basis. Both the LFS and APS ask respondents for their country of birth, nationality and where they were living twelve months ago. For Wales, it is not possible to use the data on movement in the last twelve months because, even with the boosted sample in the APS, the numbers involved are too low to give reliable estimates. Responses to the nationality question can be difficult to interpret, so this dataset focuses on country of birth.
The country of birth data gives the total number of people who were born in each country and so does not directly give estimates of the number of migrants. However, changes in the level give an idea of the level of migration. With these data it is also important to realise that the numbers will also include British people who were born abroad if, for example, their parents were working overseas at the time.
There are two main reasons why the APS may under-estimate the number of residents born overseas, particularly over the short to medium term. These are as follows:
. The LFS/APS sampling frame only covers private households and NHS accommodation. Students in halls of residence are also covered but only if they have a parent living in a UK household. So students in halls of residence without a UK resident parent are not covered. Additionally people living in other types of communal establishment such as hotels, hostels, boarding houses, caravans/mobile homes are not covered. Many foreign workers may live in these types of accommodation. The APS has a four-year wave pattern. Each respondent is included in the survey for four consecutive years. As a result there will be a delay before new groups arriving in the population are properly represented in the sample. The LFS/APS is also weighted to be representative of the population totals in each area. However, these population estimates exclude those visiting the UK for less than twelve months.
The wave pattern of the APS means there is a four-year time lag before new arrivals are properly represented in the sample, so it is not the best source for showing short-term trends. However the APS does provide a wealth of other information, such as economic activity, type of employment, age, gender, ethnicity and qualifications. This is particularly the case at the UK level. For Wales, even with the boosted APS sample, there are still relatively few households where people were born overseas. This means that, at present, detailed breakdowns at a Wales level will often not meet quality constraints.
Nomis is the ONS's official portal for labour market statistics. Note that some estimates from Nomis for the APS may differ slightly from those presented here due to differences in how local authority geographies are constructed.
Frequency of publication
QuarterlyData reference periods
2004 to 2024Rounding applied
Figures are rounded to the nearest hundred and so there may be some apparent slight discrepancies between the sum of constituent items and the totals as shown.Keywords
Migrants; Accession; Foreign workersStatistical quality
Annual Population Survey (APS) responses are weighted to official population projections. The projections for 2020 were 2018-based, and, therefore, were based on demographic trends that pre-dated the COVID-19 pandemic.To allow for different trends during the pandemic the responses for the APS have been reweighted on the 9 September 2021 to new populations derived using growth rates from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Real Time Information (RTI). The reweighting has been applied from year ending March 2020 data onwards and gives improved estimates of both rates and levels.
The changes ONS have made to the weighting should reduce the bias of estimates at high levels of aggregation. Some smaller breakdowns may be impacted negatively and more extreme changes could be seen given the reduced size of the underlying sample since the start of the pandemic.
As the data come from a survey, the results are sample-based estimates and therefore subject to differing degrees of sampling variability, i.e. the true value for any measure lies in a differing range about the estimated value. This range or sampling variability increases as the detail in the data increases, for example individual local authority data are subject to higher variability than Wales data.